lunes, 7 de abril de 2008

Review 5

LANGUAJE CHECK


Adjectives and adverbs:

Choose the correct form of the verbs.

A study was recently carried out into the productivity of 160 engineers. The engineers worked in teams but also did many tasks individually. The study looked at how frequently the engineers helped each other. Engineers also asked to say how highly they respected each of their colleagues. The study found that helpful engineers received a high level of respect from their colleagues. However, if they gave help but didn´t receive much, they were not very productive. Those engineers who accep help as well as giving it were able to boost their productivity and were also more popular with their colleagues.



Conditional 2:

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1.- If the staff (be) was more motivared, they would be more productive.

2.- People (not look) didn´t look for new jobs if their pairs was higger.

3.- Henry would stay in the same company if he (have) had better career opportunities.

4.- It could be more difficult to attract new staff if we (not offer) didn´t offer good salaries.

5.- I (enjoy) enjoyed my job more if I could be more creative.

6.- Susan doesn´t like working alone. She´d be happier if she (be) was part of a team.

7.- The staff (work) could work more efficiently if their office was more up-to-date.

8.- If we (install) installed a new computer system, we could do the work in half the time.

domingo, 6 de abril de 2008

Speaking: Exercise: "Finding creative solutions"

Problem:
Your staff are using too much paper. It is a high cost and much of it is wasted.


Solutions:
*Recycle paper.
*Assign an amount of paper to staff.
*Sell the used paper.
*Penalize staff, if they waste too much paper.
*Look for a cheaper paper supplier.



Examples of conditional 2

1.- If you weren´t afraid to make mistakes in front of people, you would practice your English more.

2.- If Edgar were rich, he would travel around the world.

3.- If I worked abroad, I would work in L.A.

4.- If I didn´t work for ESCA, I might have free afternoons.

5.- Edgar could go to a University in U.S.A if he knew how to speak English well.

6.- If a Camera was cheap, everyone would have one.

7.- What kind of business would you run if you had a lot of money?

Conditional 2

Rules:
°If + past tense + would / wouldn´t
°If + past tense + could / might

Example:
-If the price was lower, I´d buy it.
-I wouldn´t buy it if it wasn´t good quality.
-If you reduce the price, we might be interested.



Conditional 2 has the following uses:
°Imagine unreal situations.
Examples:
-If everyone used email, we wouldn´t need to send letters.
-If electric cars didn´t have so many disadvantages, more peolpe would buy them.

°Imaginative the results of improbable actions for events.
Examples:
-If your sales increased by 15 per cent, we´d make a lot of profit.
-If other companies entered the market, there would be more competition.

Exercise about suffixes

Adjectives with suffixes. Fill in the blanks with an adjective derived from the word given.


1.- My car is really very (economic) economical.

2.- There was a (comedy) comic opera on TV last night.

3.- He's a very (ambition) ambitious man.

4.- The school organises (education) educational visits.

5.- She cries a lot because she's really very (sense) sensitive.

6.- They held a long (philosophy) philosophical discussion about the subject.

7.- The plane was caught in an (electricity) electrical storm.

8.- I haven't had a very (product) productive way.

9.- We visited a (history) historical house last weekend.

10.- I love (classic) classical music.

Suffixes

Look at these adjectives and how they are formed from nouns.

*tradition = traditional

*profit = profitable

*imagination = imaginative

*beauty = beautiful



How do you form adjectives from the following nouns.

°practice = practical

°innovation =innovative

°succes = successful

°care = careful

°competition = competitive

°reason =reasonable

°accident = accidental

°fashion =fashionable

Vocabulary: Unit 14 "Creativity"

-faces = enfrentar
-brainstorm = lluvia de ideas
-investment = inversión

Homework: Memo of dilemma: Bonus or bust?

To: Scrutons Ltd.

From: Roland Court, Production Manager.

Subject: Productivity bonus.

Date: 28th March.



For the productivity problem, we decided to reduce the targets for the productivity bonus to take it easier to earn a bonus, this would cost 30,000 pounds if you want.

We throught it would make employees work harder and we expected that better productivity would follow in the fact and finally our employees can trust in we and they can work more efficiently and the fact will get profits.


If you have any problems with it, please say me.

Regards.
R.C.

Speaking: Meetings

Discuss how to make your meetings more efficient.

1.- Choosing a monitor to set times of the meeting.

2.- Show to the persons the agenda to discuss during the meeting.

3.- Talk about only the main points to avoid wasting time.

4.- Make the meeting more dynamic to hold the attentions of the persons.

5.- Don´t make the meeting too long.

6.- Skip the most important points.

7.- Stick to the points.

8.- Bring visual aids.

9.- A better presentation.

10.- Move on to another relevant points.

11.- Arrange the meeting early.
Complete the sentences with adjectives or adverbs:

1.- You have to be more careful.

2.- We have to walk more quickly. We're late!

3.- I did this willingly.

4.- He was willing to help me.

5.- They speak English very well.

6.- You did your homework very well.

7.- My grandfather is very clever.

8.- He speaks very quietly.

9.- Our neighborhood is very quiet.

10.- What a great movie!

Exercise about adjectives-adverbs

Change the adjectives to adverbs form:

1.- rude = rudely

2.- noisy = noisily

3.- horrible = horribly

4.- automatic = automatically

5.- late = lately

6.- quick = quickly

7.- free = freely

8.- high = highly

9.- extreme = extremely

10.- angry = angrily

11.- easy = easily

12.- careful = carefully

13.- terrible = terribly

14.- enthusiastic = enthusiastically

15.- good = well

16.- fast = fast

17.- hard = hard

Adjectives and adverbs

Complete the rules:

1.- We usually form adverbs by adding these two letters to the adjective: "ly".
Example: quick-quickly

2.- When the adjective ends in "y", we form the adverb with: "ily".
Example: easy-easily

3.- When the adjective ends in "ic"m we form the adverb with: "ally".
Example: dramatic-dramatically

4.- Good, hard and fast are adjectives. Their adverb forms are irregular. What they are?
A.- good-well
hard-hard
fast-fast

5.- Where do we usually place adverbs that describe how?
A.- At the end of the sentence.

6.- Where do you usually place adverbs that describe how often?
A.- In front of the main verb.

7.- Describe or qualify mouns.
A.- Adjectives.

8.- Go with verbs to describe how you do something, or how often you do something.
A.- Adverbs.

Exercise: Increasing productivity

Which of the following factors can help to increase productivity for manufacturers, and which can reduce productivity.

Increase productivity:
-Up-to-date technology.
-Just in time delivery.
-Effective quality control.
-Good workers (staff).
-Robots.
-Efficient suppliers.


Decrease productivity:
-Out-of-date technology.
-Delays in delivery
-Fail of quality control.
-Not efficient workers or shortage of staff.

Vocabulary: Unit 13 "Productivity"

°amount = cantidad
°up-to-date techonology = tecnología actualizada
°just-in-time = justo a tiempo
°delivery = entrega
°stock = componentes / partes
°wasting = perder / desperdiciando
°resources = recursos
°accurate = preciso / exacto
°raw material = materia prima
°smoothly = suavemente
°smooth = suave
°fill = completar / llenar
°we´re running out of the time = se nos está acabando el tiempo
°noisy = ruidosamente
°morale = moral

miércoles, 2 de abril de 2008

Review 4

LANGUAJE CHECK


The present perfect:

Complete the text with the presente perfect form of the following verbs (positive or negative).
be, decide, fall, introdece, rise, see, stay

The Channel Tunnel is an impressive example of modern technology, but it hasn´t been so success as a financial venture. Shareholders are unhappy about the latest reports, which show that the number of cars using the tunnel has fallen by 8 per cent in the last twelve months. The number of trucks and commercial vehicles have stayed at the same level, but the company hasn´t seen an increase in its market share. Airline traffic between London and Paris haven´t risen because of low cost airfaires. Eurotunnel´s directors have decided not to review their pricing strategy. Instead, they have introduced a programme of cost-cutting in the hope of saving the company.

Passives:

Rewrite the sentences in the passive.

1.- We describe the results of this survey in our latest report.

The results... of this survey are described in our latest repot.

2.- They call the new model the "Robomat".

The new model... is call "Robomat".

3.- They are building a new office block in the city centre.

A new office... block is being built in the city centre.

4.- They will complete the building next year.

The building... will be complete next year.

5.- The company has developed a new drink.

A new drink... has been developed by the company.

6.- The company raised salaries by 4 per cent last year.

Salaries... was raised by 4 per cent last year.

7.- The company offered a job to only one person.

Only one person... was offered a job by the company.

8.- The company manufactures the T408 in Germany.

The T408... is manufectured in Germany.

Conditional 1:

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1.- If you have an accident, the insurance company (pay) will pay the costs.

2.- If you (not have) haven´t insurance, you will have to pay for the damage yourself.

3.-You could miss your plane if you (not hurry) don´t hurry.

4.- You (not lose) won´t lose money if you invest in a strong company.

5.- There will be extra charge if the customer (not pay) don´t pay on time.

6.-The company (need) will need to recruit more staff if they set up the new office.

7.- Our staff (learn) will learn to do a better job if we give them training.

8.- If the quality (be) is poor, our customers will complain.

Consolidation:

Choose the correct form of the word or phrase.

Everyone thinks British food is the worst in the world. But it has improved a lot in recent years. Britons have found a new interest in food, If you read British newspapers, you will see recipes and restaurant reviews. New restaurants are being advertised everywhere. Cooking programmes are scheduled on TV every night and kitchens have become bigger and better.

The biggest change that can see is in the quality of produce in shops. Twenty years ago, there was only one kind of tomato in supermarkers. Now, if you visit a British supermarket, you can find 15 types of tomato. A similar change has taken place in other rich countries. And in developing countries, it has reported that there is a lot of more foor avaliable to the poor.

But the wrong kind of food is being consumed too. In some countries, more than half the population is overweight. Doctors warn that if people don´t eat better, there will be more deaths from over-eating that from skoming.

VOCABULARY CHECK

1.-Choose the best option to complete the text.

John went skiing las winter. He had an accident and fell 20 metres down the mountain. He wasn´t unhealthy, but his camera was injured. The cost of repairs was 200 pounds. He tried to claim on hus travel insurance, but the insurance company said that his policy didn´t cover dangerous sports.

2.- Choose the best option and complete the text.

Online shooping has increased dramatically in recent years as more and more people use the internet to requiere travel tickets and buy goods. However, there can be problems when buying online. Some retailers have found it difficult to guarantee delivery times: goods may arrive late or not at all. Some customers become frustrated when they are unable to cancel an order or get a refund for goods they don´t want. Companies that try to reduce spending on customer service may find it difficult to handle all the complaints from satisfied customers.

CARRER SKILLS

Describing a graph:

Choose the correct phrase to complete each sentence describing the graph. dropped from 6% to 4.5%, fell to, fluctuated, remained steady, reached a peak.

1.- From 1998 to 2000, the unemployment rate fluctuated between 4.0 and 4.3 per cent.

2.- In 200, the rate remained steady 3.1 per cent.

3.- The level of employment fell to during the next two years.

4.- In 2004, unemployment reachd a peak of 6.0 per cent.

5.- In the second half of 2004, the rate dropped from 6% to 4.5%.

Expressing arguments:

A and B discuss whether to hire a big room or a smaller room for a party for customers. They don´t know how many people will attend. Match the phrases with the arguments.

A) My view is that we should hire the big room, because it´s better to have too much space than not enough.

B) On the other hand, If the room is too small, our customers will leave- and that could cost us a lot!

A) I understand your point, but if a lot of people come, we will need the space.

B) Surely the main point is to save costs when we can.

A) That´s right. We might have to pay a lot of money for space we don´t need.

Dealing with problems:

An office worker (A) phones a technician (B). Put the dialogue in the correct order.

A) I´ve got a problem with my laptop - it isn´t working. (1)

B) Right. Well there are two possibilities: we could send someone to you to look at it, or you could bring it to us. (2)

A) I can´t bring it to you very easily - it´s connected to other equipment at my desk. (3)

B) Fine. Then I´ll arrange for someone to come to you. (4)

B) OK, but if we send someone to you, you may have to wait till this afternoon. (5)

A) That´s OK, I can wait. (6)

Extra excercise about conditional 1

Put the verbs into the correct tenses.

1.- (be / not have)
You will be hungry if you don´t have any breakfast.

2.- (not leave / not catch)
If he doesn´t leave now, he won´t catch the train.

3.- (come / have)
If you come to our house on Saturday, we will have a barbecue.

4.- (see / tell)
If I see Ana, I will tell her you called.

5.- (see / run)
If the fox sees us, it will run away.

6.- (take / have)
I will take the dog for a walk if I have time.

7.- (not learn / not listen)
You won´t learn anything if you don´t listen.

8.- (be / not go)
You will be tired tomorrow if you don´t go to bed early.

Excercise about Conditional 1

  1. If the information is incomplete, you won´t understand the plan.
  2. Our sales will increase substancially if we have a present.
  3. We´ll stop the meeting if the information isn´t incomplete.
  4. If you order now, you will get a discount.
  5. If your car is stolen, you will have to report it.
  6. Your presentation will be better if you know the product.
  7. The company will pay you a performance bonus if you work overtime.
  8. If a company doesn´t advertise a product well, the company won´t have sales.
  9. If our main competitor goes bankrupt, you will have more profit.
  10. We won´t be able to do business with you if you aren´t honest.

Examples of conditional 1

1.- If you place a large order, we can offer a 50% discount.

2.- If you have problems with the computer, we can change it.

3.- If you have problems with the computer, we can provide it.

4.- We can offer a 50% discount if you place a large order.

5.- We could send the computer tomorrow if you pay in cash.

6.- If you don´t give a solution, I won´t buy any products next time.

7.- I´ll try to help you if you explain the problem.

Conditional 1

Rules:

°In the first conditional, the verb following if is in the present tense.

°The verb in the other half of the sentence refers to the future and is generally formed with will.

°We use the first conditional to talk about the future result of a possible action or event.


NOTE: If the result is not certain, we use can or could instead of will. meaning "It´s possible".

Vocabulary of the article: Getting better service

-whingeing = queja
-handling = tratando
-react = planear una acción
-suffering = sufrimiento
-handle = manejar / tratar
-instead of = en lugar de
-abroad = en el extranjero
-indeed = de hecho

Vocabulary: Unit 12 "Service"

*queve = fila
*queving = esperando
*queries = peticiones
*deal with = manejar / tratar
*complaint = queja
*complain = quejarse
*ash = ceniza
*although = aunque
*delay = atrasar / retardar
*apology = disculpa